See also: Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 disappearance theories The theories range from allegations of a planned espionage mission, to a US government cover-up, to the consumption of the passengers' remains by giant crabs. The destruction of Korean Air Lines Flight 007 by Soviet jets in 1983 has long drawn the interest of conspiracy theorists. In 2016, the Carnegie Institution for Science published the first-ever peer-reviewed study of the chemtrail theory 76 out of 77 participating atmospheric chemists and geochemists stated that they had seen no evidence to support the chemtrail theory, or stated that chemtrail theorists rely on poor sampling. An estimated 17% of people globally believe the theory to be true or partly true. Main article: Chemtrail conspiracy theory A high-flying jet's engines leaving a condensation trail ( contrail)Īlso known as SLAP (Secret Large-scale Atmospheric Program), this theory alleges that water condensation trails (" contrails") from aircraft consist of chemical or biological agents, or contain a supposedly toxic mix of aluminum, strontium and barium, under secret government policies. Incidents such as the 1955 bombing of the Kashmir Princess, the 1985 Arrow Air Flight 1285 crash, the 1986 Mozambican Tupolev Tu-134 crash, the 1987 Helderberg Disaster, the 1988 bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 and the 1994 Mull of Kintyre helicopter crash as well as various aircraft technologies and alleged sightings, have all spawned theories of foul play which deviate from official verdicts. Numerous conspiracy theories pertain to air travel and aircraft. However, the current scientific consensus holds that most conspiracy theorists are not pathological, precisely because their beliefs ultimately rely on cognitive tendencies that are neurologically hardwired in the human species and probably have deep evolutionary origins, including natural inclinations towards anxiety and agent detection. Psychologists sometimes attribute belief in conspiracy theories and finding a conspiracy where there is none to a number of psychopathological conditions such as paranoia, schizotypy, narcissism, and insecure attachment, or to a form of cognitive bias called " illusory pattern perception". However, they are often discredited a priori due to the cumbersome and improbable nature of many of them. In principle, conspiracy theories are not always false by default and their validity depends on evidence just as in any theory. Conspiracy theories usually deny consensus or cannot be proven using the historical or scientific method, and are not to be confused with research concerning verified conspiracies such as Germany's pretense for invading Poland in World War II. Many conspiracy theories relate to supposed clandestine government plans and elaborate murder plots. This is a list of conspiracy theories that are notable. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources. This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness.
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